Figure 2 Light micrographs of liver tissue of rats exposed to SWCNTs. (A) Control

group liver and (B, C, D) SWCNTs-L, SWCNTs-M, and SWCNTs-H group livers, respectively. Magnification, ×200. 1H NMR spectroscopic and pattern recognition analysis of rat plasma 1H NMR spectra of plasma included spin-echo and diffusion-edited NMR spectra, which reflected the lower molecular weight and macromolecular weight metabolites, respectively, present in the plasma. In the analysis of the 1H NMR spectra, the intensities of some endogenous metabolite signals changed as a consequence of SWCNTs administration (Figures 3 and 4). These changes were evident as relative increases in lactic acid and choline concentrations and decreases compound screening assay in the concentrations of alanine, blood sugar, blood fat, and low-density lipoprotein (LDL), compared to control values. Figure 3 1 H NMR spectra of plasma samples (CPMG) after exposed to SWCNTs in rats. (A) Control group and (B, C, D) SWCNTs-L, SWCNTs-M, and SWCNTs-H groups, respectively. Figure 4 1 H NMR spectra of plasma samples

(LED) after exposed selleck kinase inhibitor to SWCNTs in rats. (A) Control group and (B, C, D) SWCNTs-L, SWCNTs-M, and SWCNTs-H groups, respectively. In score plot of PCA, each data point represents one rat sample, and the distance between points in the score plot is an indication of the similarity between samples. In loading plot for the corresponding score plot, each data point represents one bucket (with the chemical shift indicated explicitly). The plot identifies which spectral regions (and thus which chemical compounds) are responsible for the differences between the spectra observed in the Gemcitabine molecular weight score plot. The PCA score plot derived from the 1H NMR plasma spectra of low molecular weight metabolites showed that control and dosed selleckchem groups were well separated on the plot (Figure 5A). The loading plot showed that lactate (δ1.31-1.33, 4.10-4.12), glucose (δ3.46), glutamine (δ2.42-2.44), lipoprotein (δ0.9,

1.7), alanine (δ1.48), and creatine (δ3.03) were among the components that contributed markedly to the separation of the groups (Figure 5B). Figure 5 CPMG score plot (A) and loading plot (B) for the endogenous metabolite profiles in plasma samples after exposed to SWCNTs in rats. Control (diamond), SWCNTs-L (square), SWCNTs-M (triangle), and SWCNTs-H (circle) groups. In the score plot, each data point represents one rat sample, and the distance between points in the score plot is an indication of the similarity between samples. In the loading plot, each data point represents one bucket. The plot identifies which spectral regions are responsible for the differences between the spectra observed in the score plot.