[13] 21 (1995-1998) Blunt: 9 Penetrating: 12 Right: 12 Left: 9 20 patients with concomitants injuries (Liver in 10 patients) 7 patients with signs or symptoms related to diaphragmatic rupture Not mentioned. Sepantronium 100% operated before 24 h 3 † Dajee A et al. [14] 48 (1973-1978) Blunt: 8 Penetrating: 40 Right: + Left: +++ Bilateral: 1 Intra-abdominal injuries involved the spleen, liver, stomach and colon. 8 patients herniations of intra-abdominal contents. Not mentioned 100% laparotomy. No use of mesh. 3 † (6%) Tan KK et al. [16] 14 (2002-2008) Blunt: 14 Right: 5 Left: 9 8 Splenic laceration, 5 hemothorax and lung injuries, 4 long bone fracture, 4 pelvic fracture,

3 liver laceration, 3 colonic laceration, 3 injury major vessels, 2 kidney laceration, 2 small bowel laceration, 1 gastric perforation. Median GCS: 14 (3-15) Median ISS: 41 (14-66). 85,7% laparotomy and repair 14,3% surgical intensive care unit. 5 † (33%) Extensive injuries Matsevych OY. [19] 12 (4 years) Blunt: 12 Right: 6 Left: 2 Bilateral: 1 100% associated injuries: 5 hemothorax, 4 head injuries, 3 extremity fracture, 3 pelvic fracture, ICG-001 cost 3 liver laceration, 3 retroperitoneal hematoma. Not mentioned. 100%

laparotomy. 1 patient thoracotomy. 3 † (25%) (Hypovolemic shck, 1 brain injury, 1 cardiac failure) Bergeron E et al. [20] 160 (April 1, 1984, to March 31, 1999) Blunt: 160 Right: 31 Left: 126 Bilateral: 3 Abdomen: liver (47%), spleen (50%), small bowel mesentery (38%)… Chest: Rib fracture (31%), pevi (41%), other orthopedic (50%). ISS = 26.9 (+-11.5) 100% operated between 60 minutes and 21.8 days after injury. Fossariinae 4 had repair of diaphragmatic rupture at a second laparotomy. 14,4% Brasel KJ et al. [21] 32 (January 1987 through May 1994) Blunt: 32 Right: 7 Left: 25 Bilateral: 0 Abdomen: liver (47%), spleen (50%), small bowel mesentery (38%)… Chest: Rib fracture

(31%), pevi (41%), other orthopedic (50%). ISS= 32 100% laparotmomy. Sunning suture all patients and 1 patient polypropylene mesh repait. 22,0% Shapiro MJ et al. [22] 20 (5 years period) Blunt: 20 Right: 7 Left: 14 Bilateral: 0 Shock 16/20; hemo/pneumothorax 15/20; cerebral injury (12/20); puhnonary contusion 9/20; chest wall contusion 8/20; hepatic injury 8/20; splenic injury 8/20 36 (11-59) Not mentioned 25,0% Montresor E et al. [23] 17 (1970 to 1995) Blunt: 17 Right: 7 Left: 14 Bilateral: 0 52.6% presented at operation with intrathoracic visceral herniation. Not mentioned. 8 laparotomy. 7 laparotomy and thoracotomy. 4 thoracotomy 15,6% Esme H et al. [24] 14 (January 2000 and June 2005) Blunt: 11 Penetrating: 3 Right: 4 Left: 10 Multiple associated injuries were observed in 12 patients (85%) Not mentioned. 100% laparotomy. Overall: 7% Athanassiadi K et al.