Specifically, lesions on the anterior and lateral aspects of the talus and on the medial malleolus correlate with an unfavorable clinical outcome.
Level of Evidence: Prognostic Level II. See Instructions to Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.”
“BACKGROUND: The removal of antibiotic ampicillin sodium using H2O2 and modified granular activated carbon (GAC) is discussed. Two types of modified activated carbons were used in experiment
to catalyze .OH production from H2O2. One was modified with base (NaOH; called B-GAC), the other was modified with Fe(NO3)3 (Fe-GAC) and the nominal Fe metal loading buy MK-1775 was 5 wt%. In the experiment, pH, contact time, dosage of activated carbon and H2O2 and initial concentration of ampicillin sodium were investigated to determine their influence on the removal efficiency. The stability of Fe-GAC was also evaluated.
RESULTS: With an initial ampicillin sodium concentration of 200 mg L-1, 85.(2)% of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and 76.4% of total organic carbon
(TOC) can be removed with 8.0 g L-1 of B-GAC and 80 mg L-1 selleckchem of H2O2 (at pH 5.0). For the Fe- GAC/ H2O2 process, with 5.0 g L-1 of activated carbon and 80mg L-1 of H2O2, COD and TOC removal can be elevated to 91.(2)% and 79.5% (at pH 3.0), respectively.
CONCLUSION: The integration of activated carbon and H2O2 treatment was more effective for the removal of ampicillin from aqueous solution than using
activated carbon alone. In the process, adsorption played a dominant role and the addition of a small amount of H2O2 accelerated the reaction rate and improved the removal efficiency. pH also greatly affected removal efficiency. (C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry”
“BACKGROUND: The high crystallinity of cellulose underlies the recalcitrance that this polymer presents in enzymatic degradation. Thus, a pre-treatment step is applied in most bioconversion processes. Treatments with ionic liquids are considered an emerging pre-treatment technology, owing to their high efficiency in solvating cellulose, over molecular solvent systems.
RESULTS: Crystalline KPT-8602 nmr cellulose with and without ionic liquid( 1-ethyl-3-methylimidazoliumacetate) treatment, bothcommercially available, were used as substrates in enzymatic hydrolysis reactions using the earlier evaluated cellulolytic system of Fusarium oxysporum. The in situ removal of the hydrolysate during reactions enhanced the reaction rate as well as the overall glucose production. Ionic liquid treatment significantly decreased cellulose crystallinity and enhanced bioconversion yields and rates. The effects of cellulose structural changes during treatmentonhydrolysis rate were investigated andthe recalcitrance constants were determined.