7/75) of impaired ADL. A positive relation of BP categories with the composite end point of mortality and impaired ADL was also observed. In conclusion, controlling BP in middle age may prevent deaths and future ADL decline. Journal of Human Hypertension ( 2009) 23, 546-552; doi: selleck products 10.1038/jhh.2008.155; published online 18 December 2008″
“The working mechanism

of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA, M(w) similar to 200,000 g mol(-1)), a fluid loss control additive (FLA) applied in oil well cementing, was investigated. First, characteristic properties of PVA such as solubility and particle size in cold and hot water, minimum film forming temperature, adsorption on cement, viscosity of cement pore solution and static filtration properties of cement slurries treated with PVA were determined. It was found that the working mechanism of PVA relies on hydrated, but water-insoluble PVA particles (d(50) similar to 2.4 mu m). During cement slurry filtration, they ZD1839 in vivo coalesce into a polymer film. This film effectively plugs the pores of the cement filter cake. The sample studied here becomes water-soluble at temperatures

> 40 degrees C (d(50) decreases to similar to 50 nm) and looses its effectiveness. Addition of highly anionic dispersants such as beta-naphthalenesulfonate formaldehyde (BNS) or acetone formaldehyde sulfite (AFS) poly-condensate extends the temperature range at which PVA works from 40 degrees C to similar to 60 degrees C. This effect is ascribed to lower solubility of PVA in the presence of these dispersants. The study reveals that decreased performance of PVA caused by higher temperatures is not the result of thermal degradation

of the polymer, but is owed to its increasing water-solubility. (C) 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 117: 2290-2298, 2010″
“A mixture CBL0137 price of bi(acetylacetonato) zinc(II)hydrate and tri(dimethylglyoximato)gadolinium(III) complexes was used to synthesize Gd-doped ZnO powder. The synthesis was a result of the complexes’ thermal codecomposition. Magnetic characterizations have shown that the sample with the atomic ratio 3.5% Gd exhibited a clear ferromagnetic behavior at room temperature (RT) and demonstrated the highest saturation magnetization at 0.05 emu/g. When all the Gd ions were considered to be ferromagnetically coupled (successful doping) the analysis of moments per Gd atom resulted in a very low value (approximate to 0.01 mu B). However, when the uncorrelated spins that are responsible for the paramagnetic component were taken into account, the analysis of moment per Gd atom gave a high value (approximate to 9 mu(B)). These results led us to believe that successful but not complete doping may be responsible for the observed RT magnetization in these Gd doped ZnO systems. Further analysis for the irreversible component of the sample with 3.5% Gd has shown that the activated moment, upon reversal, is large (mu(act) = 1.78 x 10(6) mu(B)).