A comparison of the relative environmental performances of MSW treatment scenario types within each study did not provide a clear confirmation or repudiation of the waste hierarchy.

This paper concludes that many recently published LCAs do not

ensure that the methodological assumptions are made clear to the reader. Lack of transparency makes the results difficult to interpret, and hampers meaningful comparisons between the LCA results. A convergence in the adoption of particular assumptions that are more representative of MSW management systems would facilitate the comparison of the results. (C) 2009 Belnacasan nmr Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Objective: Examine rates of recurrent, spontaneous preterm birth (PTB) in women treated prophylactically with 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone caproate (17P) when the penultimate PTB was due to preterm labor (PTL) or preterm premature rupture of the membranes (pPROM). Methods: Retrospective, descriptive, database study of 1183 singleton gestations that initiated prophylactic selleckchem 17P at <21 weeks with a penultimate PTB. Primary outcomes examined were rates of recurrent PTB at <37 and <32 weeks’ gestation in the PTL (n = 939) and pPROM (n = 244) cohorts. Results:

Recurrent PTB <37 weeks occurred in 38% versus 28.3% of the PTL and pPROM cohorts, respectively (p < 0.005). Rates of recurrent PTB <32 weeks were similar. Logistic regression revealed three risk factors increased the odds of recurrent PTB: >1 previous PTB (OR 1.8 [95% CI: 1.33-2.44]); penultimate birth at 28-33.9 weeks’ gestation (OR 1.61 [95% CI: 1.22-2.13]); and, PTL as the indication for delivery in the penultimate PTB (OR 1.66 AZD6244 clinical trial [95% CI: 1.16-2.37]). Conclusion: Several historical factors increase the risk for recurrent PTB

in women receiving 17P. Contrary to earlier studies of PTL and pPROM recurrence, women receiving prophylactic 17P with a penultimate PTB due to pPROM are at lower risk of recurrent PTB than those with a history of PTL.”
“This review aims to characterize direct-reading methods for analysis of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and nanoparticles (NPs) in workplace air, in terms of general operating principles, analytical parameters, advantages and limitations. Furthermore, we summarize recent studies using direct-reading methods to assess exposure to VOCs and NPs in workplace air, and comment on future applications and potential research interests within this field. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“In recent years there has been an increased concern regarding the potential use of chemical and biological weapons for mass urban terror. In particular, there are concerns that ricin could be employed as such an agent.