Background: Cochlear implant performance varies greatly among patients. Improved methods to assess and monitor functional hair cell and neural substrate before and during implantation could potentially aid in enhanced nontraumatic intracochlear electrode placement and subsequent improved outcomes.
Methods: Subjects (1-80 yr) undergoing cochlear implantation were included. A monopolar probe was placed at the RW after surgical access was obtained. The cochlear microphonic (CM), summating potential (SP), compound
action potential (CAP), and auditory nerve neurophonic (ANN) were recorded in response to tone bursts at frequencies of 0.25 to 4 kHz at various levels.
Results: Measurable hair cell/neural potentials
were detected to 1 or more frequencies in 23 of 25 subjects. The greatest proportion and magnitude of cochlear 17-AAG cost responses were to low frequencies (<1,000 Hz). At these low frequencies, the ANN, when present, contributed to the ongoing response at the stimulus frequency. In many subjects, the ANN was small or absent, whereas hair cell responses remained.
Conclusion: In cochlear implant recipients, acoustically evoked cochlear potentials are detectable even if hearing is extremely limited. Sensitive measures of cochlear and neural status Selleck Compound C can characterize the state of hair cell and neural function before implantation. Whether this information correlates with speech performance outcomes or can help in tailoring electrode type, placement or audiometric fitting, can be determined in future studies.”
“Objective: To evaluate if there is a difference in mandibular distraction osteogenesis (MDO) treatment success rates and ‘adverse outcomes in newborns, early infants, and older pediatric patients.
Design: Retrospective medical review spanning a nine-year period. check details Ten newborn (<= 35 days old), five early infant (36 days-5 months) and eight older pediatric (>5 months) patients
underwent MDO for treatment of micrognathia with a severe tongue-based obstruction. Success was defined as avoidance of tracheostomy or CPAP, and decannulation of patients with tracheotomies. Postoperative complications were grouped into minor and major.
Results: MDO successfully treated 90% of newborns, 100% of early infants and 100% of older pediatric patients. There was no difference in the rates of success (p = 0.48), minor (p = 1.00) and major (p = 1.00) postoperative complications between newborns and early infants. Older pediatric patients had no treatment failures, tended to have fewer minor (p = 0.18) and significantly fewer major (p = 0.04) postoperative complications compared to younger patients. The distractor pin mobility (9%) and scar revisions (13%) were uncommon.
Conclusions: Mandibular distraction osteogenesis is a reliable method for relieving severe tongue-based obstructions in pediatric patients.