fumigatus-P. aeruginosa polymicrobial biofilm in cocultures. Although this website the 96-well cell culture plate would give a large number of replications for antimicrobial susceptibility studies, the wells in 96-well cell culture plates were found to be too small to prevent cross-contamination between wells by the surface growth of A. fumigatus. In contrast, the 6-well and 12-well cell culture plates were found to be too big and comparatively large volumes of medium were needed for the development of biofilms and provided limited number of replications for drug susceptibility studies. In our experience, Costar 24-well

cell culture plates were ideal for the development of in vitro monomicrobial and polymicrobial biofilms of A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa and provided sufficient number of wells for replications. The large deep wells were adequately separated for multiple manipulations of the biofilm without cross-contamination between wells. In SD broth the 24-h and 48-h mixed microbial cultures of A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa produced polymicrobial biofilms at 35°C. Although the biofilm mass was significantly higher in 48 h biofilm, there was no significant difference for the CFU values obtained for the

24-h and 48-h cocultures. Therefore, we would suggest that 24 h growth of the mixed microbial culture will be sufficient to produce a functional A. fumigatus-P. aeruginosa polymicrobial biofilm for antimicrobial drug susceptibility studies. The tetrazolium reduction assay has been used by several investigators in the past to examine the viability of a variety of eukaryotic JQEZ5 cells ranging from mammalian to fungal cells,

including members of the genus Aspergillus[48, 67–71]. Therefore, we investigated the feasibility of using methyltetrazolium (MTT) assay for monitoring the viability of A. fumigatus cells after coculturing with P. aeruginosa in mixed microbial biofilms. The MTT assay has been used in our laboratory [68] previously, found to be convenient and www.selleckchem.com/products/cobimetinib-gdc-0973-rg7420.html highly sensitive for monitoring the viability of A. fumigatus cells, in particular after exposure to antifungal drugs. Similarly, we found in the current series of experiments that the MTT assay was very useful for monitoring the viability of A. fumigatus cells Janus kinase (JAK) in monospecies cultures after 24 h and 48 h growth. However, in the mixed species cultures where A. fumigatus and P. aeruginosa were grown together in cocultures although the assay was highly sensitive and easy to perform, it was found to be difficult to distinguish the contribution made by the bacterial and fungal cells towards the reduction of the MTT compound. Therefore, we used only the CFU assay to monitor the growth of A. fumigatus cells in mixed microbial biofilms and for drug susceptibility studies. Apart from the inconvenience, the main disadvantages of using the CFU assay for determining the viability of A.