Nat Rev Microbiol 2006, 4:577–587.PubMedCrossRef 2. Longo D, Hasty J: Dynamics of single-cell gene expression. PD0332991 cost Mol Syst Biol 2006, 2:64.PubMedCrossRef 3. Losick R, Desplan C: Stochasticity and cell fate. Science 2008, 320:65–68.PubMedCrossRef 4. Rao CV, Wolf DM, Arkin AP: Control, exploitation and tolerance of intracellular noise. Nature 2002, 420:231–237.PubMedCrossRef 5. Raser JM, O’Shea EK: Noise in gene expression: origins, consequences, and control. Science 2005, 309:2010–2013.PubMedCrossRef 6. Davidson CJ, Surette MG: Individuality in bacteria. Annu Rev Genet 2008, 42:253–268.PubMedCrossRef 7. Fraser D, Kaern M: A chance at survival: gene expression noise and phenotypic diversification strategies. Mol Microbiol 2009, 71:1333–1340.PubMedCrossRef

8. McAdams HH, Arkin A: It’s a noisy business! Genetic regulation at the nanomolar scale. Trends Genet 1999,

15:65–69.PubMedCrossRef 9. Veening JW, Smits WK, Kuipers OP: Bistability, epigenetics, and bet-hedging in bacteria. Annu Rev Microbiol 2008, 62:193–210.PubMedCrossRef 10. Amir A, Kobiler O, Rokney A, Oppenheim AB, Stavans J: Noise in timing and precision of gene activities in a genetic cascade. Mol Syst Biol 2007, 3:71.PubMedCrossRef 11. Arkin A, Ross J, McAdams HH: Stochastic kinetic analysis of developmental pathway bifurcation in phage λ-infected Escherichia coli cells. Genetics 1998, 149:1633–1648.PubMed 12. Pearl S, Gabay C, Kishony R, Oppenheim A, Balaban NQ: Nongenetic individuality in the host-phage interaction. PLoS Biol 2008, 6:e120.PubMedCrossRef 13. St-Pierre F, Endy D: Determination of cell fate selection during phage lambda infection. Proc Natl Acad Sci USA 2008, 105:20705–20710.PubMedCrossRef LDN-193189 molecular weight 14. Cai L, Friedman N, Xie XS: Stochastic protein expression in individual cells at the single molecule level.

Nature 2006, 440:358–362.PubMedCrossRef 15. Elowitz MB, Levine AJ, Siggia ED, Swain PS: Stochastic gene expression in a single cell. Science 2002, 297:1183–1186.PubMedCrossRef 16. Ito Y, Toyota H, Kaneko K, Yomo T: How selection affects phenotypic fluctuation. Mol Syst Biol 2009, 5:264.PubMedCrossRef 17. Ozbudak EM, Thattai 4��8C M, Kurtser I, Grossman AD, van Oudenaarden A: Regulation of noise in the expression of a single gene. Nat Genet 2002, 31:69–73.PubMedCrossRef 18. Maamar H, Raj A, Dubnau D: Noise in gene expression determines cell fate in Bacillus subtilis . Science 2007, 317:526–529.PubMedCrossRef 19. Bar-Even A, Paulsson J, Maheshri N, Carmi M, O’Shea E, Pilpel Y, Barkai N: Noise in protein expression scales with natural protein abundance. Nat Genet 2006, 38:636–643.PubMedCrossRef 20. Blake WJ, M KA, Cantor CR, Collins JJ: Noise in eukaryotic gene expression. Nature 2003, 422:633–637.PubMedCrossRef 21. Fraser HB, Hirsh AE, Giaever G, Kumm J, Eisen MB: Noise minimization in eukaryotic gene expression. PLoS Biol 2004, 2:e137.PubMedCrossRef 22. Acar M, Mettetal JT, van Oudenaarden A: Stochastic switching as a survival strategy in fluctuating environments.