This could be detrimental to the functional properties of this structure, and it is a consequence of the strain fields in the structure. About the vertical alignment of the QDs, from the micrograph in the inset selleckchem of Figure 1 (a) it seems to be parallel to the growth direction. In many cases, this is the expected

distribution of the QDs since the non-perfect alignment of the QDs has been reported to influence the electron wavefunction [28] and to reduce the exchange energy between electronic states [29]. However, it should be highlighted that TEM cross section images are 2D projections of the sample and therefore, the volume information is lost; this should be taken into account to avoid the misinterpretation of the images. In this regard, (b) and (c) in Figure 1 show HAADF images of the same needle-shaped specimen as in (a) in Figure 1 but taken

at different rotation angles, 90° apart from each other, and −10° and 80° from the micrograph in (a) in Figure 1, respectively. The unusual geometry of the needle-shaped specimen fabricated by FIB in this study allowed us to obtain a higher number of projections IWP-2 clinical trial than possible from the conventional thin foils, providing interesting additional information of the sample. As it can be observed, at these rotation angles, the stacking of QDs is not vertically aligned anymore. Instead, deviation angles of 5° and 11° with respect to the growth direction have been measured. Other values for the vertical alignment of the QDs have been measured from different rotation angles. These experimental results to evidence that the conclusions obtained from the conventional 2D analysis of the stacking of QDs often found in the literature are not reliable and would mislead the interpretation of the functional properties of these nanostructures, being the 3D analysis of the sample as an essential step. In order to obtain 3D information from the sample, we have acquired a tilt series of HAADF images, and we have computed Phospholipase D1 the tomogram using these images. The results are shown in Figure 2a,b. Figure 2a shows a general view of the needle, including the upper stacking of QDs and the

platinum deposition. For the analysis of the distribution of the QDs, a segmentation of the reconstructed structure was carried out, as shown in Figure 2b. This figure reveals that the real distribution of the QDs selleck products consist of a stacking that follows a straight line that deviates 10° from the growth direction Z, which is quite different from the results obtained from Figure 1a. From this analysis, we have also observed that there is an asymmetry in the size of the QDs, being around 30% smaller in one direction than in the perpendicular one in the growth plane. Figure 2 The surfaces render of the reconstructed volume and an axial slice through the needle. (a) Semi-transparent external surface of the tomogram of the needle with opaque surfaces for the QDs below the platinum deposition.