The use of a standardized TVUS protocol and stringent objective criteria for interpreting the images may play

a role in the beneficial effects of routine TVUS. Consent Written informed consent was obtained from the patient for publication of accompanying images. References 1. Kontoravdis A, Chryssikopoulos A, Hassiakos D, Liapis A, Zourlas PA: The diagnostic value of laparoscopy in 2365 patients with acute and chronic pelvic pain. International Journal of Gynaecology & Obstetrics 1996, 52:243–248.CrossRef 2. Abbott J, Emmans LS, Lowenstein SR: Ectopic pregnancy: ten common pitfalls in diagnosis. Am J Emerg Med 1990,8(6):515–522.PubMedCrossRef 3. Huchon C, Fauconnier A: Adnexal torsion: a literature review. Eur ACY-1215 J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2010,150(1):8–12.PubMedCrossRef 4. Kahn JG, selleckchem Walker CK, Washington E, Landers DV, Sweet RL: Diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease: a comprehensive analysis and considerations for developing a new model. JAMA 1991,226(18):2594–2604.CrossRef 5. Mol

BW, Hajenius PJ, Engelsbel S, Ankum WM, van der Veen F, Hemrika DJ: Should patients who are suspected of having an ectopic pregnancy undergo physical examination? Fertil Steril 1999,71(1):155–157.PubMedCrossRef 6. Mikkelsen AL, Felding C: Laparoscopy and ultrasound examination in women with acute pelvic pain. Gynecol Obstet Invest 1990, 30:162–164.PubMedCrossRef 7. Chapron C, Querleu D, Bruhat MA, Madelenat P, Fernandez H, Pierre F: Surgical complications of diagnostic and operative gynaecological laparoscopy: a series of 29,966 cases. Hum Reprod 1998,13(4):867–872.PubMedCrossRef 8. Morino M, Pellegrino L, Castagna E, Farinella E, Mao P: Acute nonspecific abdominal pain: a randomized, VE-822 molecular weight controlled trial comparing early laparoscopy versus clinical observation. Ann Surg 2006,244(6):881–886. discussion 86–8PubMedCrossRef 9. Okaro

E, Condous G: Diagnostic and therapeutic capabilities of ultrasound in the management of pelvic pain. Curr Opin Obstet Gynecol 2005,17(6):611–617.PubMedCrossRef Gefitinib 10. Timor-Tritsch IE, Lerner JP, Monteagudo A, Murphy KE, Heller DS: Transvaginal sonographic markers of tubal inflammatory disease. Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 1998,12(1):56–66.PubMedCrossRef 11. Salomon LJ, Nassar M, Bernard JP, Ville Y, Fauconnier A: A score-based method to improve the quality of emergency gynaecological ultrasound examination. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2009,143(2):116–120.PubMedCrossRef 12. Barnhart KT, Fay CA, Suescum M, Sammel MD, Appleby D, Shaunik A: Clinical factors affecting the accuracy of ultrasonography in symptomatic first-trimester pregnancy. Obstet Gynecol 2011,117(2 Pt 1):299–306.PubMedCrossRef 13. Huchon C, Staraci S, Fauconnier A: Adnexal torsion: a predictive score for pre-operative diagnosis. Hum Reprod 2010,25(9):2276–2280.PubMedCrossRef 14.