“
“The gracile axonal dystrophy (gad) mutation in Uch-l1, the gene encoding the ubiquitin carboxy-terminal hydrolase isozyme L1 (UCH-L1), causes selective dying back degeneration of dorsal root ganglion neuron in the medulla oblongata along with progressive sensory-motor ataxia. Axonal spheroids are observed within degenerating axons, and their www.selleckchem.com/screening/gpcr-library.html contents may illuminate the pathogenic mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration in gad mice. To analyze changes in negatively charged lipid molecules in dystrophic axons of gad mice, we performed matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI)-imaging mass spectrometry (IMS), electron

microscopy, and fluorescence immunohistochemistry on tissue sections from gad and wild-type mouse medulla. MALDI-IMS revealed that m/z 806.68 and 822.68 molecules, assigned to sulfatide (ST) C18:0 and ST C18:0(OH), respectively, were concentrated in the dorsomedial medulla. This spatial distribution overlapped significantly with that of axonal spheroids. Immunostaining revealed

SRT2104 price that spheroids accumulated myelin and lymphocyte protein, a known ST binding protein. Sulfatides with short-chain fatty acids (C16-C20) are generally localized in intracellular vesicles; therefore, ST C18:0 accumulation may reflect intracellular vesicle aggregation within spheroids. Ubiquitin system disruption apparently alters lipid metabolism, membrane organization, protein turnover, and axonal transport. MK-8776 inhibitor Changes in membrane organization, particularly STs within lipid rafts, may disrupt cellular signaling pathways necessary for neuronal viability.”
“Purpose of review

Among patients with heart failure, concentrations of natriuretic peptides are strongly linked to the presence and severity of structural

heart disease and are strongly prognostic in this setting. Additionally, favorable reduction in the concentration of either B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) or B-type natriuretic peptide and its amino-terminal cleavage fragment (NT-proBNP) may be seen during treatment of heart failure, with parallel improvement in prognosis. This has led to the hypothesis that intensified treatment directed at reducing natriuretic peptide concentrations may improve outcomes in heart failure.

Recent findings

In chronic heart failure, studies suggest that a strategy of standard-of-care management together with a goal to suppress BNP or NT-proBNP concentrations leads to greater application of guideline-derived medical therapy and is well tolerated. In certain studies of this BNP or NT-proBNP ‘guided’ approach, patients treated with biomarker-guided care had superior outcomes when compared with standard heart failure management alone, particularly in younger study populations, in patients with left ventricular systolic dysfunction, and particularly when substantial reductions in natriuretic peptides were achieved in association with biomarker-guided care.

“
“Purpose:

To preoperatively detect, by using diffusion-tensor imaging coregistered with anatomic magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, suspected microstructural tissue changes of the trigeminal nerves in patients with trigeminal neuralgia (TN) resulting from neurovascular compression.

Materials and Methods: The study was approved by the institutional review board, and written informed consent was obtained from all patients. Twenty patients (mean age, 51.3 years) with TN and evidence of neurovascular contact were examined with use of a 3.0-T MR unit combined with an eight-channel head coil before undergoing surgical decompression. A single-shot diffusion-tensor echo-planar sequence was used along 15 different diffusion directions, PI3K inhibitor with a b value of 1000 sec/mm(2) and a section thickness of 2 mm. For HSP990 manufacturer anatomic correlation, 0.6-mm isotropic three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state images were acquired for coregistration with the functional diffusion-tensor maps. After region of interest placement, mean fractional anisotropy (FA) and apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) values were calculated for each nerve by using the paired-sample two-tailed t test (with P < .005 indicating significance) and compared with surgical findings.

Results:

FA was significantly lower (P = .004) on the trigeminal neuralgia-affected side (mean FA, 0.203) than on the contralateral side (mean FA, 0.239). ADCs were nearly identical between the normal and TN-affected nerve tissues.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that diffusion-tensor imaging enables the identification and quantification of anisotropic changes between normal nerve tissue and TN-affected trigeminal nerves. Coregistration

of anatomic three-dimensional fast imaging employing steady-state imaging and diffusion-tensor imaging facilitates excellent delineation of the cisternal segments of the trigeminal nerves. (C)RSNA, 2010″
“BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Paired-like homeodomain transcription factor 3 (PITX3) is an important PF-6463922 cost transcription factor for differentiation and survival of dopaminergic neurons. Recent reports have shown a strong association of polymorphisms in the PITX3 gene with Parkinson’s disease (PD). Our study was designed to verify whether three previous PITX3 SNPs (rs2281983, rs4919621 and rs3758549) were associated with PD in the Chinese population. We also investigate the association of novel polymorphisms in PITX3 gene with PD.

METHODS: All the polymorphisms of PITX3 we found in this study were sequenced by PCR products from both directions with dye terminator methods using an ABI-3100 sequencer. We included 356 sporadic PD patients and 300 healthy elderly people as controls.

RESULTS: We provide evidence for strong association of a novel polymorphism c. 219G>A (p = 0.000307) with PD. Our data showed that the substitution of c. 219G>A in PITX3 Exon 3 was significantly higher in PD compared with control.

Methods

Patients undergoing cultured autologous melanocyte transplantation were randomly assigned to four different study groups. Group 1 underwent 20 sessions of NB-UVB treatment Nirogacestat concentration before transplantation; Group 2 underwent 30 sessions of NB-UVB treatment after transplantation; Group 3 underwent 20 sessions of NB-UVB treatment before transplantation and 30 sessions after transplantation; Group 4 underwent only transplantation.

Results

Four hundred thirty-seven patients were enrolled. Group 3 responded best, more than 90% repigmentation

was achieved in 81.3% of patients, and 94.8% patients experienced 50% or greater repigmentation. Statistical analysis showed that there was a highly significant difference between the four groups (chi(2)=35.56, p<.001). Homogeneous skin color was obtained on the repigmentation areas, and no scarring or other serious side effects were observed.

Conclusions

Cultured autologous melanocyte transplantation is an effective treatment for stable vitiligo. Combination of NB-UVB therapy with melanocyte transplantation can accelerate

repigmentation of transplanted vitiliginous areas, especially if NB-UVB is given before and after transplantation.”
“We describe our recent studies of imitation and cultural transmission in chimpanzees and children, which question late twentieth-century characterizations of children as imitators, but chimpanzees click here as emulators. As emulation entails

learning only about the results of others’ actions, it has been thought to curtail any capacity to sustain cultures. Recent chimpanzee diffusion experiments have by contrast documented a significant capacity for copying local behavioural traditions. Additionally, in recent ‘ghost’ experiments with no model visible, chimpanzees failed to replicate the object movements on which emulation is supposed to focus. We conclude that chimpanzees rely more on imitation and have greater cultural capacities than previously acknowledged. However, we also find that they selectively apply a range of social learning processes that include emulation. Recent studies demonstrating surprisingly unselective ‘over-imitation’ in children suggest that children’s propensity to imitate has been underestimated too. We discuss the implications of these developments for the nature of social learning and culture NF-��B inhibitor in the two species. Finally, our new experiments directly address cumulative cultural learning. Initial results demonstrate a relative conservatism and conformity in chimpanzees’ learning, contrasting with cumulative cultural learning in young children. This difference may contribute much to the contrast in these species’ capacities for cultural evolution.”
“In this study we investigate the mechanisms of growth and boron (B) incorporation into crystalline silicon (c-Si) during crystallization of amorphous doped silicon (a-Si:B) films.

The sorption of acetone was SHP099 Fickian and partially irreversible. Both sorption and solubility decreased markedly upon PTT addition to PET, most likely

as a result of a blending-induced decrease in the free volume. The decreases in the modulus were attributed to plasticization, and the mixed effects on the elongation at break were attributed to the combined effects of fast plasticization and slower swelling. The joint effects of applied stress and the presence of acetone were studied with creep tests. In these tests, a combination of a free volume increase, plasticization, and superficial cracking of PEI was proposed to occur. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 112: 896-903, 2009″
“This report describes the findings of ultrasonographic examination of the abomasum in 30 goats. A 5.0 MHz linear transducer was used to scan the left and right paramedian regions, the linea alba and the right abdominal wall of standing goats. The abomasum GDC-0449 appeared as a heterogeneous, moderately echogenic structure with echogenic stippling. The abomasum could be seen from the linea alba in all the goats. The abomasal folds were easily identified in 19 goats and appeared as prominent echogenic

bands. The cranial visible limit of the abomasum was -0.3 [2.34] cm from the xyphoid, and the caudal limit was 10.3 [3.08] cm caudal to the xyphoid. The visible length of the abomasum was 10.7 [1.96] cm and the maximum width 30.2 [7.43] cm. The PF-00299804 height of the abomasum was 6.7 [1.79] cm. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.”
“Millimeter size single crystals of double-perovskite La2NiMnO6 were grown by the high-temperature solution

growth method. The magnetic measurements and polarized Raman spectra between 5 and 350 K provide evidence that the crystals have a high degree of Ni2+/Mn4+ ordering, a small amount of lattice defects, and the highest T-c=288 K reported so far for ferromagnetic double perovskites. At a microscopic level, the crystals are heavily twinned, and the effect of twinning on the Raman spectra is analyzed in detail. (c) 2009 American Institute of Physics. [DOI: 10.1063/1.3176945]“
“The kinetics of thermal degradation and lifetime of poly(aryl ether ketone) containing 2,6-naphthalene moieties (PANEK) in nitrogen and in air were studied with dynamic thermogravimetry. The results showed that the thermal stability of PANEK in air was substantially less than that in nitrogen. The kinetic parameters for PANEK, including the activation energy, the reaction order; and the frequency factor of the degradation reaction, were analyzed with the Ozawa method. The lifetime of PANEK decreased gradually from 1.09 x 10(7) to 0.65 x 10(2) min as the temperature increased from 200 to 400 degrees C in air and from 2.12 x 10(8) to 3.30 x 10(2) min in nitrogen. These lifetime parameters indicated that the service/process temperature had a strong influence on PANEK. (C) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

21 and 2,340.02 mg%, respectively, cheonggukjang prepared with black soybeans exhibited low levels of total free amino acids. Therefore, based on protein degradation characteristics, large ‘Daewon’ soybeans and small ‘Wonkwang’ soybeans were the most suitable for producing cheonggukjang.”
“We demonstrate a method for inducing strain in carbon nanotubes using standard lithographic techniques. In this work, LXH254 inhibitor aligned nanotubes are partially suspended over trenches made by chemical etching. Strain-induced downshifts as high as 31 cm(-1) are observed in the Raman spectra, roughly corresponding to 1.1% strain. We also observe significant shifts in the resonant transition energy E(ii) and an irreversible

increase in the D band Raman intensity. The strains demonstrated using this technique are capable of creating significant bandgaps in metallic nanotubes, greater than k(B)T at room temperature, thereby making it possible to convert metallic nanotubes into semiconductors.”
“There is a controversy over whether the different outcomes of prophylaxis of Selleckchem G418 hepatitis B virus (HBV) recurrence are attributable to different treatments. A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted to evaluate

lamivudine monotherapy and combined therapy of lamivudine and hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG) in HBV infected liver recipients. A fixed effects model was used for statistical pooling of relative risks (RR) for the different outcomes. Six articles (551 patients) fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Statistically significant differences were observed between lamivudine monotherapy and lamivudine + HBIG therapy in hepatitis B recurrence [P < 0.0001; RR = 0.38; 95% CI (0.25, 0.58)], YMDD mutant [P = 0.002; RR = 0.40; 95% CI (0.23, 0.72)] and hepatitis B recurrence in HBV-DNA positive patients before orthotopic liver transplantation [P < 0.00001; RR = 0.31; 95% CI (0.21, 0.45)]. No significant differences were observed in patient survival [P = 0.59; RR = 1.02; 95% CI (0.95, 1.09)], graft survival [P = 0.56; RR = 1.02; 95% CI (0.95, 1.09)] and diseases leading to

death between the two groups PS-341 nmr [HBV recurrence leading to death: P = 0.05; RR = 0.47; 95% CI (0.22, 1.02); hepatocellular carcinoma recurrence leading to death: P = 0.13; RR = 0.34; 95% CI (0.09, 1.36)]. In conclusion, combination of lamivudine and HBIG can effectively decrease the recurrence rate of HBV and the incidence of YMDD mutant, but it can not improve patient survival and graft survival significantly. Well-designed large-sample trials are needed to evaluate the efficiency of combined therapy of lamivudine and HBIG in prophylaxis of HBV recurrence in liver graft recipients.”
“Bitter melon (BM, Momordica charantia L) has various biological functions including antidiabetic, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and antioxidant activities.

In this work, biomass growth is maintained just above maximum oxidative growth rate by regulating ethanol concentration in the fermenter. The state feedback linearizing control strategy is developed and applied to the technical scale fed-batch Selleckchem Autophagy Compound Library yeast fermentations. The proposed control algorithm is constructed on the reliable

state estimation algorithm developed previously and the biomass concentrations and ethanol measurements are then used in the control algorithm. The ethanol concentration is successfully controlled at fixed and time varying set values. By this approach the specific growth rate is controlled just over the critical value by regulating minimal ethanol concentration in order to maximize the biomass productivity. (C) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.”
“The transport behaviors of La0.5Ca0.5MnO3/LaMnO3/SrTiO3:Nb heterojunctions with a LaMnO3 layer thickness of between

0 and 12 nm have been systematically studied. The effect of the magnetic field on the junction without the buffer layer is weak. The influence of the magnetic field on the junction is maximized when the layer thickness is similar to 3 nm, demonstrated by a significant field-induced increase in current when the bias voltage is fixed. The corresponding magnetoresistance of the junction is negative, and its maximal value is similar to-32% for a field change of 5 T at 80 K. Based on a quantitative analysis of the current-voltage characteristics, the interfacial barrier can be derived, and it shows a complex variation with an increase in layer thickness, first decreasing and then increasing. This is GSK1904529A supplier the apparent reason for the change in buffer-layer-enhanced negative magnetoresistance of the junctions for different layer thicknesses. (C) 2011 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3562916]“
“Trichoderma reesei and Aspergillus awamori enzymes were concentrated, pooled and assessed for the hydrolysis of steam-pretreated

sugarcane bagasse. The enzyme profile of T. reesei gave (IU/L): 1700 FPA, 20,000 CMCase, 340 beta-glucosidase and 12,600 xylanase. FPA and CMCase activities that were 4-fold higher than those of A. awamori (420 and 4900 IU/L, respectively). However the beta-glucosidase and xylanase activities buy A-1155463 were 134- and 6-fold lower than those of A. awamori (45,600 and 79,100 IU/L, respectively). Furthermore, A. awamori produced ferulic acid esterase (160 IU/L) which acts synergistically with cellulolytic-xylanolytic enzymes in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic materials. The FPA and CMCase activities in the T. reesei-A. awamori blends were enhanced synergistically by 2-fold. Moreover, the hydrolytic effectiveness of the blends was superior to the use of unblended T. reesei or A. awamori enzymes, under corresponding conditions (10 FPU/g bagasse, 20 g bagasse/L and 50 degrees C). Hydrolysis experiments, presenting either 20 or 200 g/L bagasse, resulted in 3.9 or 40g glucose/L, respectively.

Almost one-third of the patients had analgesic overuse; 96.8% of which comprised acetaminophen-containing agents. Those with

analgesic overuse had a higher frequency of headache than those without analgesic overuse in both the CM and non-CM groups.

Conclusions: Although the CM patients had a longer duration of headache, more severe intensity, the frequency of elevated BP wasn’t higher than non-CM group. Analgesic overuses maybe the reason of higher frequency of elevated BP in CDH and its subtypes. This may have predictive value for clinicians to improve CDH management.”
“Background: The implantable cardioverter defibrillator (ICD) is a device used in the treatment of ventricular arrhythmias MLN4924 Ubiquitin inhibitor and the prevention of

sudden cardiac death. However, the ICD has been associated with negative psychological outcomes such as anxiety, depression, panic, and poor quality of life (QoL). Recent studies suggest that the preimplantation psychology of patients, combined with their postimplantation perceptions about their cardiac condition, are greater contributory factors than their medical status to a poor outcome.

Method: check details Our study employed an interview-based qualitative grounded theory methodology to explore whether medical history hetereogeneity and illness beliefs impact on the QoL of 13 ICD patients.

Results: Perceived control emerged as the core category related to QoL with three subsystem themes related to control: (1) illness beliefs, attributions, and appraisals; (2) coping resources and strategies; and (3) the social world. Patients at risk for the poorest adaptation were younger (<45), unemployed, and with an acute onset cardiac history. These patients interpreted their illness as severe, utilized emotion-focused coping (e. g., avoidance of situations), and believed themselves to be socially excluded. Adjusted patients used proactive problem-focused coping (e. g., normalizing) and minimized consequences of the device.

Conclusions:

The data developed a theoretical model of QoL, which identified perceived control, illness beliefs, and coping impacting on adjustment. From our study, we have a wider understanding of the combination psychological issues relevant to ICD patients and are able to treat those Pictilisib purchase at risk with interventions to promote adjustment in the context of a society that values health and well-being. (PACE 2010; 33:256-265)”
“Prior to fertilization sperm has to undergo an activation process known as capaciation, leading to the acrosome reaction. Till now, little is known about the mechanism for preventing premature capacitation in sperm although decapacitation factors from various sources have been thought to be involved. In this study, we report that NYD-SP27, an isoform of phospholipase C Zeta 1 (PLCZ1), is localized to the sperm acrosome in mouse and human spermatozoa by immunofluorescence using a specific antibody.

Conclusions: Young women with breast cancer face complex decisions regarding their fertility and treatment options. Survival remains the priority for

the majority of women. Although there is a paucity of evidence concerning many fertility issues, it is essential that available options and any potential risks are discussed in a coherent, objective fashion. Early referral to specialist fertility services that provide clear, cohesive advice can aid informed decision making. Copyright (C) 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.”
“We characterized allelic variation at barren inflorescence2 (bif2), a maize co-ortholog of the Arabidopsis PINOID protein kinase (PID), and tested for trait associations with bif2 MEK inhibitor cancer in both an association mapping population of 277 diverse maize inbreds and in the inter-mated B73 x Mo17 (IBM) linkage population. Results from the quantitative analyses were compared with previous reports of bif2 phenotypes in mutagenesis studies. All three approaches (association, linkage, and mutagenesis) detect a significant effect of bif2 on tassel architecture. Association

mapping implicates bif2 in an unexpectedly wide range of traits including plant height, node number, leaf length, and flowering time. Linkage mapping finds a significant interaction effect for node number between bif2 and other loci, in keeping with previous reports that bif2;spi1 and Bif2;Bif1 double mutants produce fewer phytomers. The Mo17 allele is associated with a reduced tassel branch zone and shows lower expression than the B73 allele in hybrid B73-Mo17 F(1) inflorescences, consistent with the complete absence of tassel branches in the bif2 knockout PD173074 cost mutant. Overall, these data suggest that allelic variation at bif2 affects maize architecture by modulating auxin transport during vegetative and inflorescence development.”
“BACKGROUNDThe immobilization of biomacromolecules on carbon nanotubes

has attracted considerable attention. Based on the specific affinity between concanavalin A (Con A) and glycosyl, and the ability of alkyl polyglucoside to disperse single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWNTs), a new self-assembly immobilization strategy is developed.

RESULTSUsing laccase (Lac) and horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as models, it is demonstrated GANT61 chemical structure that this new self-assembly immobilization strategy has obvious advantages over the direct adsorption immobilization strategy in enzyme loadings ( 1.34-fold (Lac) and 1.46-fold (HRP) higher) and in the specific activity ( 5.06-fold (Lac) and 4.77-fold (HRP) higher). Circular dichroism (CD) spectra and fluorescence spectra also indicate that the present new indirect immobilization strategy has less impact on the enzyme conformation compared with the direct adsorption strategy. For the catalytic oxidation of dibenzothiophene (DBT), the immobilized HRP prepared using the present self-assembly strategy was more effective than that using the direct adsorption strategy.

2. We further find that inductor angles in the range 15 degrees-25 degrees lead to joint side faces that are close to vertical. These findings are then verified experimentally by placing a liquid metal drop in a purpose built inductor of triangular cross-section. We find a good agreement

between the theoretical prediction of our two-dimensional https://www.selleckchem.com/products/idasanutlin-rg-7388.html model and the real three-dimensional drop. For the highest magnetic Bond number our generator could deliver, Bo(m)=20.19, we achieved a drop aspect ratio of 2.73. (C) 2010 American Institute of Physics. [doi:10.1063/1.3409075]“
“Objective-To evaluate the technical, short-term, and long-term outcomes in cats with benign ureteral obstructions treated by means of double-pigtail ureteral stent placement.

Design-Retrospective case series.

Animals-69 cats (79 ureters).

Procedures-The diagnosis of benign ureteral obstruction was made via abdominal ultrasonography, radiography, and ureteropyelography. Selleck Navitoclax Ureteral stent placement was attempted endoscopically, surgically, or both, with fluoroscopic guidance. The medical records were reviewed for pre-, intra-, and postoperative data; complications; and outcome.

Results-69 cats (79 ureters) had stent placement attempted for various causes:

ureterolithiasis (56/79 [71%]), stricture (10/79 [13%]), both ureterolithiasis and stricture (12/79 [15%]), or a purulent plug (1/79 [1%]). Stent placement was successful in 75 of 79 ureters (95%). Median number of stones per ureter was 4 (range, Nocodazole in vitro 0 to > 50), and 67 of 79 (85%) had concurrent nephrolithiasis. Preoperative azotemia was present in 95% (66/69) of cats (median creatinine concentration, 5.3 mg/dL [range, 1.1 to 25.8 mg/dL]), and 71% (49/69) remained azotemic (median, 2.1 mg/dL [range, 1.0 to 11.8 mg/dL]) after successful surgery. Procedure-related, postoperative (< 7 days), short-term

(7 to 30 days), and long-term (> 30 days) complications occurred in 8.7% (6/69; 7/79 ureters), 9.1% (6/66), 9.8% (6/61), and 33% (20/60) of cats, respectively; most of these complications were minor and associated with intermittent dysuria or the need for ureteral stent exchange. The perioperative mortality rate was 7.5% (5/69), and no deaths were procedure related. The median survival time was 498 days (range, 2 to > 1,278 days). For patients with a renal cause of death, median survival time was > 1,262 days, with only 14 of 66 cats (21%) dying of chronic kidney disease. Nineteen (27%) cats needed a stent exchange (stricture in-growth [n = 10], migration [4], ureteritis [2], dysuria [2], pyelonephritis [1] or reflux [1]). No patient died of the procedure or recurrent ureteral obstruction.

(C) 2011 Society of Chemical Industry”
“The principal objective of this study

was to investigate changes ill ice dendrite size during the freezing of tuna, in order to formulate a mathematical model of ice click here dendrite size. The tuna was frozen Via a uni-directional heat transfer. Thermogram analysis allowed Lis to determine the position of the freezing front versus time, which is referred to as the fireezing front rate. The morphology of the ice dendrites was assessed via scanning electron microscopy after freeze-drying, and the retained pore size was measured as ice dendrites. We noted that the mean size of ice dendrites increased with the distance to the cooling plate; however. it decreased with reductions ill the cooling rate and the cooling temperature. In addition, shorter durations of the freeze-drying process decreased the

freezing front rate, resulting in a larger size screening assay of the ice dendrite pores that operate Lis water vapor sublimation channels. According to our results, we could derive a linear regression as an empirical mathematical model equation between the ice dendrite size and the inverse of the freezing front rate.”
“Purpose Since the Spine Tango registry was founded over a decade ago it has become established internationally. An annual report has been produced using the same format as the SWEspine group to allow for first data comparisons between the two registries.

Data was captured with the latest generation of surgery and follow-up forms. Also, the Core Outcome Measures Index (COMI) from interventions performed in the year 2012 with follow-up to June 2013 was analyzed. Groups of patients with the most common degenerative lumbar spine diseases and a single group of patients with degenerative cervical spine diseases were created. The demographics, risk factors, previous treatments, current treatment, short-term outcomes, patient satisfaction and complications were analyzed. 发现更多 Pre- and postoperative pain and function scores were derived from the COMI.

About 6,500 procedures

were captured with Spine Tango in 2012. The definitions and composition of all the degenerative groups could not completely be matched between the two registries with the consequence that the age and sex distributions were partially different. Preoperative pain levels were similar. The short-term outcomes available did not allow for evaluation of the final result of surgical intervention. This will be possible with the longer term data in the next annual report. There was a distinct disparity in reported complication rates between surgeons and patients.

This is a valuable first step in creating comparable reports for SWEspine and Spine Tango. The German spine registry may be able to collaborate in the future because of similar items and data structure as Spine Tango.